FAA Inspection Authorization (IA) — Eligibility, Privileges, and Renewal

What an IA Is and Is Not

An Inspection Authorization is an FAA authorization held by certificated A&P mechanics; it is not a certificate in itself. Under 14 CFR §65.95, an IA holder may conduct annual inspections on aircraft and return them to service, approve aircraft for return to service after major repairs and major alterations (when the work is performed in accordance with approved data), and perform progressive inspections when the FAA has approved a progressive inspection program for an aircraft. The IA does not authorize the holder to perform maintenance beyond their underlying A&P certificate — it only adds the authority to conduct annual inspections and sign off major work. Holders must hold both the Airframe and Powerplant ratings to qualify.

Eligibility Requirements Under 14 CFR §65.91

To qualify for an IA, you must meet all of the following requirements under 14 CFR §65.91: (1) Hold a current A&P certificate with both Airframe and Powerplant ratings. (2) Have held the A&P certificate for at least 3 years total. (3) Have actively exercised the privileges of that certificate for at least 2 years immediately preceding the application — meaning you must have worked as a mechanic on type-certificated aircraft, not just held the paper certificate. (4) Have a fixed base of operations — a shop, hangar, or facility where you perform maintenance. This fixed-base requirement distinguishes IAs from roving or contract-only mechanics who do not operate from a consistent maintenance location. The FAA evaluates your eligibility through your local FSDO (Flight Standards District Office).

The IA Knowledge Test

Before an FSDO can issue an IA, you must pass the FAA IA knowledge test (test code IRA — Inspection Authorization) at an authorized testing center (currently administered by PSI). The test covers: 14 CFR Parts 39 (Airworthiness Directives), 43 (Maintenance), 65 (Certification), 91 (General Operating Rules), and 145 (Repair Stations); approved maintenance data (ADs, manufacturer's maintenance manuals, service bulletins, and FAA-approved data); inspection procedures and standards; and the specific privileges and limitations of the IA. A passing score is 70% or higher. Your test results are presented to the FSDO when you apply for the IA. The IA knowledge test is separate from the three A&P written tests and is taken after you already hold your A&P certificate.

IA Privileges Under 14 CFR §65.95

Under 14 CFR §65.95, an IA holder's privileges include: performing annual inspections on aircraft and issuing an airworthiness certificate after a satisfactory annual inspection; approving aircraft for return to service after major repairs or major alterations when the work is performed in accordance with FAA-approved or acceptable data; and performing or supervising progressive inspections in accordance with an FAA-approved program. The IA does not authorize the holder to approve aircraft that have been repaired or altered in ways that do not conform to approved data. Holders must exercise their IA privileges at their fixed base of operations; performing annual inspections from a transient location (without a fixed base) is not authorized. The IA may be suspended or revoked if privileges are exercised outside these limits.

Biennial Renewal by March 31 of Each Odd-Numbered Year

Under 14 CFR §65.93, an Inspection Authorization is effective from the date of issue through March 31 of the next odd-numbered year (e.g., issued in 2024 → valid through March 31, 2025; issued in 2025 → valid through March 31, 2027). To renew, you must submit your renewal application to your FSDO before March 31 of the odd-year deadline. Renewal requires demonstrating that you have remained active: you must have performed at least one annual inspection, approved a major repair or alteration, or passed the IA knowledge test during the preceding IA period. If you allow your IA to lapse, you must reapply as if for an initial IA. Mark the March 31 odd-year deadline prominently — missing it by even one day requires a full reapplication.

Practical Considerations for Pursuing an IA

Most candidates apply for an IA after accumulating 3–5 years of A&P experience on type-certificated general aviation aircraft. Establishing a fixed base of operations before you apply is essential; the FSDO will typically inspect the location to confirm it is suitable for performing annual inspections. Study all the regulatory parts listed in the IA knowledge test syllabus, with particular attention to 14 CFR Part 43 Appendix D (scope and detail of items to be included in an annual inspection) and Part 39 (how to research and comply with applicable ADs). After earning the IA, keeping meticulous records of each annual inspection and major repair/alteration approval is critical both for renewal documentation and to protect yourself in the event of an enforcement action.

Frequently asked questions

Do I need both Airframe and Powerplant ratings to get an IA?

Yes. Under 14 CFR §65.91, an IA requires that you hold a current A&P certificate with both Airframe and Powerplant ratings. You cannot hold an IA with only one rating.

Can I perform annual inspections anywhere, or only at my fixed base?

The IA requires a fixed base of operations, and the FAA expects you to exercise your privileges there. While you may travel to an aircraft's location to perform an inspection in some circumstances, the fixed-base requirement is real — an IA is not intended for mechanics who have no stable maintenance facility. Confirm with your local FSDO if you have questions about a specific situation.

What happens if I miss the March 31 odd-year renewal deadline?

Your IA lapses on April 1 of the odd-numbered year if you do not renew by March 31. You lose IA privileges immediately. To reinstate them, you must apply for a new initial IA — you cannot simply pay a late fee. Reapplication requires meeting all §65.91 eligibility criteria again and passing the IA knowledge test if required by your FSDO.

Is the IA knowledge test the same as the A&P written tests?

No. The IA knowledge test (test code IRA) is a separate, standalone test taken after you hold your A&P certificate. It focuses specifically on inspection authority, approved maintenance data, AD research, and the regulatory framework for annual and progressive inspections. It is taken at PSI test centers, requires a 70% passing score, and results must be presented to your FSDO when applying for the IA.

What records do I need to renew my IA?

For renewal under §65.93, you must demonstrate recent activity. Acceptable evidence includes records of annual inspections you performed, major repair or alteration approvals you signed, or a current passing IA knowledge test result. Keep a logbook or record of every annual inspection and major approval you sign — these records are your renewal documentation.

Primary sources

• 14 CFR §65.91 — Inspection Authorization: Eligibility (eCFR)
• 14 CFR §65.93 — Inspection Authorization: Duration (eCFR)
• 14 CFR §65.95 — Inspection Authorization: Privileges and Limitations (eCFR)
• 14 CFR Part 43 Appendix D — Scope and Detail of Annual Inspection (eCFR)

Related guides

• Aircraft Type Ratings for A&P Mechanics — What They Are and Why They Matter
• How to Become an FAA Aircraft Mechanic (A&P Certificate Guide)
• FAA A&P Oral and Practical Test — What to Expect from the DME Exam